{"id":19865,"date":"2020-06-08T02:52:33","date_gmt":"2020-06-08T02:52:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=19865"},"modified":"2020-06-08T02:52:50","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T02:52:50","slug":"what-you-should-know-about-tolerance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/what-you-should-know-about-tolerance\/","title":{"rendered":"Tolerans Hakk\u0131nda Bilmeniz Gerekenler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u015eekil tolerans\u0131, yuvarlakl\u0131k, silindiriklik, d\u00fczlemsellik, \u00e7izgi profili, y\u00fcz profili ve d\u00fczl\u00fck dahil olmak \u00fczere tek bir malzeme eleman\u0131n\u0131n \u015feklinin izin verilen de\u011fi\u015fimini ifade eder. Test edilen eleman\u0131n geometrik tolerans\u0131d\u0131r ve veriye herhangi bir hata olmadan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure>

Se\u00e7im ilkesi<\/h2>

Par\u00e7alar\u0131n fonksiyonel gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lama \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fcnde, proses ekonomisi ve alg\u0131lama ko\u015fullar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak en ekonomik tolerans de\u011feri se\u00e7ilir. Ayr\u0131ca par\u00e7alar\u0131n fonksiyonel gereksinimlerini, yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve rijitli\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmak, tolerans tablosuna g\u00f6re tolerans de\u011ferini belirlemek ve tolerans de\u011ferleri aras\u0131ndaki koordinasyon ili\u015fkisini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmak gerekir.<\/p>

Ayn\u0131 eleman\u0131n verilen \u015fekil tolerans\u0131 konum tolerans\u0131ndan daha az olmal\u0131 ve silindirik par\u00e7alar\u0131n \u015fekil tolerans\u0131 boyut tolerans\u0131ndan daha az olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Genellikle, boyut b\u00f6lgesinin 30%'si numune a\u015famas\u0131nda, 40% k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck parti a\u015famas\u0131nda ve 60% ila 80% b\u00fcy\u00fck parti a\u015famas\u0131nda, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flenmesinin zorlu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/p>

\u0130li\u015fkiyi y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile koordine edin. Y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de\u011feri \u015fekil hatas\u0131n\u0131n 20% ila 30%'sidir.<\/p>

D\u00fczl\u00fck tolerans seviyesi, diklik ve paralellik tolerans seviyesinden; yuvarlakl\u0131k tolerans seviyesi, radyal dairesel \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 tolerans seviyesinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

\u015eekil tolerans\u0131n\u0131n problem kompozisyonu:<\/h2>
  1. Tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131 silindiriklik<\/li><\/ol>
    \"\"<\/figure>
    • Tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczl\u00fck ve d\u00fczl\u00fck<\/li><\/ul>
      \"\"<\/figure>

      3.\u00c7izgi profili ve y\u00fczey profilinin tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131<\/p>

      \"\"<\/figure>

      Neden analizi:<\/h2>

      \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n d\u00fczensiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/h3>

      1. Tak\u0131m de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011finde, tak\u0131m ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n montaj hatas\u0131 do\u011frulanmaz.<\/p>

      2. \u0130\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirirken sert \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/p>

      Makine kaynakl\u0131<\/h3>

      1. Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n mil yata\u011f\u0131, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f hatas\u0131 nedeniyle a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya gev\u015fedi\u011finde yuvarlakl\u0131k, silindiriklik ve d\u00fczlemsellik tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kal\u0131r;<\/p>

      2. Torna i\u015fleme merkezinin yata\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f veya gev\u015fek ise yuvarlakl\u0131k ve silindiriklik tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r;<\/p>

      3. The geometric relationship between the feed motion and the main motion is not correct: if the tool’s motion path is not vertical to the workpiece’s rotation axis, cylindricity error will be generated, and if the uneven line, flatness error will be generated;<\/p>

      4. Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131 k\u0131lavuz ray\u0131n\u0131n yatay veya d\u00fc\u015fey d\u00fczlemdeki do\u011fruluk hatas\u0131, i\u015fleme g\u00f6stergesinde yuvarlakl\u0131k veya d\u00fczlemsellik hatas\u0131na neden olur;<\/p>

      Maddi sebep<\/h3>

      1. Eksantrik i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 i\u015fleme nedeniyle olu\u015fan \u015fekil ve boyut de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve silindiriklik \u00e7o\u011funlukla tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r;<\/p>

      2. \u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 malzemesinin de\u011fi\u015fmesi nedeniyle, malzemenin sertli\u011fi \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemle ilgilidir;<\/p>

      3. \u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131 gerilimi serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutarl\u0131 olmaz, bu da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahiptir ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu bo\u015ftur;<\/p>

      S\u00fcre\u00e7 tasar\u0131m sisteminden kaynaklan\u0131r<\/h3>

      1. Proses sisteminin mekanik deformasyonu ve termal deformasyonu proses tasar\u0131m\u0131nda tam olarak dikkate al\u0131nmaz.<\/p>

      2. Malzemelerin i\u015flenmesi zordur ve aletin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 tam olarak dikkate al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

      3. Alet yeterince sert de\u011fil.<\/p>

      4. Ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 fark\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir etkendir.<\/p>

      Ge\u00e7ici \u00d6nlemler Geli\u015ftirin<\/h2>

      Operat\u00f6rlerin uygunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan \u015fekil ve ebat tolerans\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalanlar<\/p>

      Operat\u00f6rlerin do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmeleri ve par\u00e7a i\u015flemeyi tamamlayabilmeleri i\u00e7in i\u015fleme personelinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00f6ntemlerinin yerinde e\u011fitilmesi ve y\u00f6nlendirilmesi<\/p>

      Makineden kaynaklanan tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fekil ve boyut<\/p>

      1. Sipari\u015f acil ise ve bak\u0131m s\u00fcresi yoksa, kadran g\u00f6stergesi yatak bo\u015flu\u011funu ayarlamak ve acil \u00fcretim sipari\u015fini tamamlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>

      2. Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n her bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tutarl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesinden, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n orijinal statik geometrik boyutunun de\u011fi\u015fmesinden ve i\u015fleme yolunun de\u011fi\u015fmesinden kaynaklan\u0131p kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nceden \u0131s\u0131tarak \u0131s\u0131 dengesi durumuna ula\u015fabilir. Aksi takdirde, acil durum emrini tamamlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nce program kontrol de\u011ferini de\u011fi\u015ftirin.<\/p>

      3. Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131 k\u0131lavuz ray\u0131n\u0131n yatay veya d\u00fc\u015fey d\u00fczlemdeki do\u011frusall\u0131k hatas\u0131, i\u015fleme g\u00f6stergesinde yuvarlakl\u0131k veya d\u00fczlemsellik hatas\u0131na neden olur ve ba\u011f\u0131l yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fc te\u011fet y\u00f6n\u00fcnden normal y\u00f6ne ayarlan\u0131r.<\/p>

      Kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nlemler geli\u015ftirin<\/h2>

      The shape and size out of tolerance caused by the operator’s irregular operation.<\/p>

      \u0130\u015fletme ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n, i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015ftirme standartlar\u0131n\u0131 standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin standart \u00fcretimini y\u00f6nlendirecek i\u015fletme talimatlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturun.<\/p>

      Makineden kaynaklanan tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fekil ve boyut<\/h3>

      1. Ana \u015faft yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin, y\u00fcksek hassasiyetli yata\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczeltin veya de\u011fi\u015ftirin ve ana motorun montaj kalitesini iyile\u015ftirin;<\/p>

      2. 2. Tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131n\u0131n kurulumunun statik geometrik boyutunu d\u00fczeltin;<\/p>

      Malzemelerden kaynaklanan \u015fekil ve boyut tolerans\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda<\/h3>

      1. \u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 eksantrikli\u011finin ve makul kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131<\/p>

      2. \u0130\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 malzemesinin \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem s\u00fcrecinin makul olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve standarda uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>

      3. Tak\u0131m tasar\u0131m\u0131yla i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirin<\/p>

      \u0130\u015flem sisteminin neden oldu\u011fu tolerans d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fekil ve boyut<\/h3>

      Belgelerin standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kontrol\u00fc: tak\u0131m tasar\u0131m\u0131, i\u015fleme hatas\u0131 hesaplamas\u0131n\u0131n makul olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kesme parametrelerinin makul olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, tak\u0131m geometrisi, i\u015fleme s\u00fcrecinde gerilme hesaplamas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015flem sisteminin statik gerilmesinin makul olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015flem rotas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesinin makul olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, par\u00e7alar\u0131n i\u015fleme yap\u0131s\u0131nda kal\u0131nt\u0131 gerilme konsantrasyonu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, makul bir \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem s\u00fcrecinin benimsenip benimsenmedi\u011fi, i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekillendirilmesi s\u00fcrecinde kal\u0131nt\u0131 gerilme olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/p>

      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Shape tolerance refers to the allowable variation of the shape of a single material element, including roundness, cylindricity, planarity, line profile, face profile and straightness. It is the geometrical tolerance of the tested element, which is independent without any error to the datum. Selection principle On the premise of meeting the functional requirements of parts,…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19870,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19865","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materials-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/\u56fe\u724710.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19865","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19865"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19865\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19865"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19865"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19865"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}