欧美人妻精品一区二区三区99,中文字幕日韩精品内射,精品国产综合成人亚洲区,久久香蕉国产线熟妇人妻

The commonly used grade YT04 is characterized by its very fine average WC grain size, which can be as small as 0.3 to 0.4 μm. It exhibits excellent performance when machining difficult-to-process materials.

 

Carbide Manufacturing Process

The process involves weighing ultra-fine WC powder and Co powder, produced by special methods, according to the composition ratio, and adding small amounts of elements such as Ti, Ta, Nb, and Cr. Wet grinding is performed using φ8 cemented carbide balls with a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1. The grinding medium is anhydrous alcohol, and the grinding time ranges from 72 to 120 hours. The slurry is dried at 80 to 100°C for about 2 to 4 hours, then mixed with glue (wax) to form granules. These are pressed into various products such as 5×5×30 and A118A, and sintered under H? protection at temperatures between 1400°C and 1500°C.

 

Microstructure and Physical-Mechanical Properties

Due to the use of special raw materials and production methods different from conventional processes, and the appropriate selection of types and quantities of added elements, the YT04 carbide achieves the desired effects. Table 1 lists the performance indicators of the YT04 carbide grade from several developments, and Figure 1 shows the metallographic structure of the YT04 carbide.

What Are the Applications of Ultra-Fine Grain YT04 as Cutting Tool Grade? 2

From the results in Table 1 and Figure 1, the YT04 carbide has high hardness and moderate strength. The microstructure is very uniform, with grain sizes almost all less than 0.5 μm, except for a few WC grains larger than 0.5 μm. The thickness of the binder phase is also less than 0.5 μm.

Figure 1: Metallographic structure of YT04 carbide, 1500×
Figure 1: Metallographic structure of YT04 carbide, 1500×

 

Cutting Characteristics

Application Range of YT04 carbide

Due to its extremely fine WC grain size and high hardness, the YT04 carbide has very high wear resistance, red hardness, and thermal strength, along with high strength. This carbide is suitable for machining difficult materials such as ferrosilicon, vanadium-titanium cast iron, boron-added cast iron, white cast iron, high, medium, and low nickel-chromium chilled cast iron; various quenched carbide steels, tool steels, magnetic steels, high manganese steels, ultra-high strength steels, high-speed steels; tungsten-based, molybdenum-based, titanium-based non-ferrous carbides; granite, marble, glass, cast stone, high-cobalt cemented carbide, steel-bonded cemented carbide, and some ceramic materials and engineering plastics for precision turning, milling, planing, and cutting. It can also be used for semi-finishing, with a durability 1 to 10 times higher than traditional YT, YG, and YM grade cemented carbides. The surface finish of the machined workpiece can reach up to ▽8. It shows particularly satisfactory results when used for low-speed cutting to replace high-speed steel tools.

 

Usage Conditions of YT04

According to relevant literature, the YT04 carbide should be used with the following parameters:

(1) Main cutting edge angle (K,) ≤ 45°.

(2) Rake angle (Y.) = 0 to -8°, cutting edge inclination angle (λ) = -5 to -9°.

(3) Clearance angle (a.) and tool nose radius (Ye). Since the YT04 carbide is only suitable for finishing and semi-finishing, a larger clearance angle should be chosen to reduce friction between the flank face and the workpiece surface, typically around 10°. The tool nose radius should be 1 to 2 mm.

(4) Cutting speed (V). The cutting speed should be determined based on specific conditions. For workpieces with HRC60 and above, a cutting speed of 10 m/min is ideal, and should not exceed 20 m/min to avoid tool tip reddening and burning. For materials around HRC45, the cutting speed can be increased to about 50 m/min, but should not exceed 100 m/min to fully utilize the tool’s excellent performance. For materials like 35CrMoA (HB≈229), the cutting speed can even be as high as 200 m/min or more.

(5) Depth of cut (αp). This depends on the surface quality requirements of the workpiece. For a finish of 76 or above, the cutting depth can be set at 0.07 to 0.12 mm. If the precision requirements are not strict, it can be set at 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

(6) Feed rate (f). YT04 is generally used for finishing, with a feed rate typically of 0.2 to 0.3 mm. For semi-finishing, the feed rate can be increased to 0.4 to 0.5 mm. It should be noted that if machining high-hardness materials around HRC65, too large a feed rate can cause chipping.

 

Cutting Examples

Here are some examples of YT04 karbit in practical use:

  1. Material: Cast stone, workpiece size: Φ160×1500, external turning, tool geometry parameters: K,=45°, Y.=12°, α=6°, λ=-6°; cutting parameters: V=6 m/min, f=0.1 mm/r, ap=1.00 mm.
  2. Material: Quenched bearing steel, HRC62, workpiece: Φ30×50 mm, external turning; tool geometry parameters: K=40°, Y.=15°, α.=10°, Re=0.5 mm. Cutting parameters: V=61.8 m/min, f=0.14 mm/r, αp=0.4 mm. Test results: After machining 11 pieces per cutting edge, the cutting path reached 2472 m, with basically no wear on the cutting edge, and a workpiece surface finish of 76.

 

Usage Instructions

1.Strictly follow the provided tool geometry parameters and cutting conditions.

2.YT04 carbide is not suitable for intermittent cutting.

3.YT04 carbide can be sharpened with green silicon carbide wheels. Using diamond oil stones for edge honing can further improve performance.

 

??züm

Overall, the YT04 karbit, with its extremely fine grain size and excellent physical-mechanical properties, performs exceptionally well in machining difficult-to-process materials and is suitable for various precision machining applications.

Bir cevap yaz?n

E-posta hesab?n?z yay?mlanmayacak. Gerekli alanlar * ile i?aretlenmi?lerdir

欧美日韩欧美国产中文字幕| 亚洲高清无遮挡在线观看| 亚洲欧美国产原创一区二区三区| 一级特黄大片色欧美精品| 操大屌粉的小穴视频| 亚洲精品自拍偷拍第一页| 正在播放舔穴视频| 日韩欧美一级特黄大片欧| 嗯嗯好硬好大啊老公| 国产色哟哟精选在线播放| 开心五月播五月亚洲第一| 老头鸡巴操老太骚逼| 丁香婷婷色婷婷粗大| 国产精品国产精黄 | 把韩国美女操出水| 国产女做a爱全免费视频| 爆乳1把你榨干在线观看| 91成人精品国语自产拍| 欧美日韩一区精品一区精品| 一区二区三区中文字幕免费在线| 伊人久久综合无码成人网| 中文字幕欧美中日韩精品| 久久久国产系列丝袜熟女| 男人添女人下面免費视頻| 中文字幕在线观一区二区| 午夜场射精嗯嗯啊啊视频| 性一乱一交一免费看视频| 大香蕉尹人97超级视频| 色橹橹欧美在线观看视频高清免费| 大胸瑟瑟黑丝午夜| 熟妇女人妻丰满中文字幕| 亚洲欧美日韩精品一区二区| 欧美成人精品一区二区免费看| 中日美女毛5片一区二区三区| 美女被大屌操大骚逼| 久久久久精品无码专区喝奶| 丁香婷婷亚洲六月综合色| 中文字幕你懂的av一区二区| 日本公共厕所mmm撒尿| 鸡巴和逼中国美女| 黄片观看骚货浪荡|